• Awesome Python

  • Admin Panels

  • Algorithms and Design Patterns

  • ASGI Servers

  • Asynchronous Programming

  • Audio

  • Authentication

  • Build Tools

  • Built-in Classes Enhancement

  • Caching

  • ChatOps Tools

  • CMS

  • Code Analysis

  • Command-line Interface Development

  • Command-line Tools

  • Compatibility

  • Computer Vision

  • Concurrency and Parallelism

  • Configuration

  • Cryptography

  • Data Analysis

  • Data Validation

  • Data Visualization

  • Database Drivers

  • Database

  • Date and Time

  • Debugging Tools

  • Deep Learning

  • DevOps Tools

  • Distributed Computing

  • Distribution

  • Documentation

  • Downloader

  • E-commerce

  • Editor Plugins and IDEs

  • Email

  • Environment Management

  • Files

  • Foreign Function Interface

  • Forms

  • Functional Programming

  • Game Development

  • Geolocation

  • GUI Development

  • Hardware

  • HTML Manipulation

  • HTTP Clients

  • Image Processing

  • Implementations

  • Interactive Interpreter

  • Internationalization

  • Job Scheduler

  • Logging

  • Machine Learning

  • Miscellaneous

  • Natural Language Processing

  • Network Virtualization

  • News Feed

  • ORM

  • Package Management

  • Package Repositories

  • Permissions

  • Processes

  • Recommender Systems

  • Refactoring

  • RESTful API

  • Robotics

  • RPC Servers

  • Science

  • Search

  • Serialization

  • Serverless Frameworks

  • Specific Formats Processing

  • Static Site Generator

  • Tagging

  • Task Queues

  • Template Engine

  • Testing

  • Text Processing

  • Third-party APIs

  • URL Manipulation

  • Video

  • Web Asset Management

  • Web Content Extracting

  • Web Crawling

  • Web Frameworks

  • WebSocket

  • WSGI Servers

• Resources

  • Podcasts

  • Twitter

  • Websites

  • Weekly

• Contributing

Admin Panels

Libraries for administrative interfaces.

• ajenti - The admin panel your servers deserve.

• django-grappelli - A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.

• django-jet - Modern responsive template for the Django admin interface with improved functionality.

• django-suit - Alternative Django Admin-Interface (free only for Non-commercial use).

• django-xadmin - Drop-in replacement of Django admin comes with lots of goodies.

• jet-bridge - Admin panel framework for any application with nice UI (ex Jet Django)

• flask-admin - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.

• flower - Real-time monitor and web admin for Celery.

• wooey - A Django app which creates automatic web UIs for Python scripts.

Algorithms and Design Patterns

Python implementation of algorithms and design patterns.

• algorithms - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms in Python.

• PyPattyrn - A simple yet effective library for implementing common design patterns.

• python-patterns - A collection of design patterns in Python.

• sortedcontainers - Fast, pure-Python implementation of SortedList, SortedDict, and SortedSet types.

ASGI Servers

ASGI-compatible web servers.

• uvicorn - Uvicorn is a lightning-fast ASGI server implementation, using uvloop and httptools.

Asynchronous Programming

• asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.

  • awesome-asyncio

• uvloop - Ultra fast asyncio event loop.

• Twisted - An event-driven networking engine.

Audio

Libraries for manipulating audio and its metadata.

• Audio

  • audioread - Cross-library (GStreamer + Core Audio + MAD + FFmpeg) audio decoding.

  • dejavu - Audio fingerprinting and recognition.

  • mingus - An advanced music theory and notation package with MIDI file and playback support.

  • pyAudioAnalysis - Audio feature extraction, classification, segmentation and applications.

  • pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.

  • TimeSide - Open web audio processing framework.

• Metadata

  • beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.

  • eyeD3 - A tool for working with audio files, specifically MP3 files containing ID3 metadata.

  • mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.

  • tinytag - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.

Authentication

Libraries for implementing authentications schemes.

• OAuth

  • authlib - JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption draft implementation.

  • django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that "just works."

  • django-oauth-toolkit - OAuth 2 goodies for Django.

  • oauthlib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.

  • python-oauth2 - A fully tested, abstract interface to creating OAuth clients and servers.

  • python-social-auth - An easy-to-setup social authentication mechanism.

• JWT

  • pyjwt - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.

  • python-jose - A JOSE implementation in Python.

  • python-jwt - A module for generating and verifying JSON Web Tokens.

Build Tools

Compile software from source code.

• BitBake - A make-like build tool for embedded Linux.

• buildout - A build system for creating, assembling and deploying applications from multiple parts.

• PlatformIO - A console tool to build code with different development platforms.

• pybuilder - A continuous build tool written in pure Python.

• SCons - A software construction tool.

Built-in Classes Enhancement

Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes.

• dataclasses - (Python standard library) Data classes.

• attrs - Replacement for __init__, __eq__, __repr__, etc. boilerplate in class definitions.

• bidict - Efficient, Pythonic bidirectional map data structures and related functionality..

• Box - Python dictionaries with advanced dot notation access.

• DottedDict - A library that provides a method of accessing lists and dicts with a dotted path notation.

CMS

Content Management Systems.

• wagtail - A Django content management system.

• django-cms - An Open source enterprise CMS based on the Django.

• feincms - One of the most advanced Content Management Systems built on Django.

• Kotti - A high-level, Pythonic web application framework built on Pyramid.

• mezzanine - A powerful, consistent, and flexible content management platform.

• plone - A CMS built on top of the open source application server Zope.

• quokka - Flexible, extensible, small CMS powered by Flask and MongoDB.

Caching

Libraries for caching data.

• beaker - A WSGI middleware for sessions and caching.

• django-cache-machine - Automatic caching and invalidation for Django models.

• django-cacheops - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.

• dogpile.cache - dogpile.cache is next generation replacement for Beaker made by same authors.

• HermesCache - Python caching library with tag-based invalidation and dogpile effect prevention.

• pylibmc - A Python wrapper around the libmemcached interface.

• python-diskcache - SQLite and file backed cache backend with faster lookups than memcached and redis.

ChatOps Tools

Libraries for chatbot development.

• errbot - The easiest and most popular chatbot to implement ChatOps.

Code Analysis

Tools of static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see awesome-static-analysis.

• Code Analysis

  • coala - Language independent and easily extendable code analysis application.

  • code2flow - Turn your Python and JavaScript code into DOT flowcharts.

  • prospector - A tool to analyse Python code.

  • pycallgraph - A library that visualises the flow (call graph) of your Python application.

  • vulture - A tool for finding and analysing dead Python code.

• Code Linters

  • flake8 - A wrapper around pycodestyle, pyflakes and McCabe.

    • awesome-flake8-extensions

  • pylint - A fully customizable source code analyzer.

  • pylama - A code audit tool for Python and JavaScript.

  • wemake-python-styleguide - The strictest and most opinionated python linter ever.

• Code Formatters

  • black - The uncompromising Python code formatter.

  • yapf - Yet another Python code formatter from Google.

• Static Type Checkers, also see awesome-python-typing

  • mypy - Check variable types during compile time.

  • pyre-check - Performant type checking.

• Static Type Annotations Generators

  • MonkeyType - A system for Python that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types

Command-line Interface Development

Libraries for building command-line applications.

• Command-line Application Development

  • cement - CLI Application Framework for Python.

  • click - A package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way.

  • cliff - A framework for creating command-line programs with multi-level commands.

  • clint - Python Command-line Application Tools.

  • docopt - Pythonic command line arguments parser.

  • python-fire - A library for creating command line interfaces from absolutely any Python object.

  • python-prompt-toolkit - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.

• Terminal Rendering

  • asciimatics - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).

  • bashplotlib - Making basic plots in the terminal.

  • colorama - Cross-platform colored terminal text.

  • tqdm - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.

Command-line Tools

Useful CLI-based tools for productivity.

• Productivity Tools

  • cookiecutter - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).

  • doitlive - A tool for live presentations in the terminal.

  • howdoi - Instant coding answers via the command line.

  • PathPicker - Select files out of bash output.

  • percol - Adds flavor of interactive selection to the traditional pipe concept on UNIX.

  • thefuck - Correcting your previous console command.

  • tmuxp - A tmux session manager.

  • try - A dead simple CLI to try out python packages - it's never been easier.

• CLI Enhancements

  • httpie - A command line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.

  • kube-shell - An integrated shell for working with the Kubernetes CLI.

  • mycli - A Terminal Client for MySQL with AutoCompletion and Syntax Highlighting.

  • pgcli - Postgres CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

  • saws - A Supercharged aws-cli.

Compatibility

Libraries for migrating from Python 2 to 3.

• python-future - The missing compatibility layer between Python 2 and Python 3.

• python-modernize - Modernizes Python code for eventual Python 3 migration.

• six - Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities.

Computer Vision

Libraries for computer vision.

• Kornia - Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch.

• OpenCV - Open Source Computer Vision Library.

• pytesseract - Another wrapper for Google Tesseract OCR.

• SimpleCV - An open source framework for building computer vision applications.

Concurrency and Parallelism

Libraries for concurrent and parallel execution. Also see awesome-asyncio.

• concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.

• multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.

• eventlet - Asynchronous framework with WSGI support.

• gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.

• uvloop - Ultra fast implementation of asyncio event loop on top of libuv.

• scoop - Scalable Concurrent Operations in Python.

Configuration

Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options.

• configobj - INI file parser with validation.

• configparser - (Python standard library) INI file parser.

• profig - Config from multiple formats with value conversion.

• python-decouple - Strict separation of settings from code.

Cryptography

• cryptography - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.

• paramiko - The leading native Python SSHv2 protocol library.

• passlib - Secure password storage/hashing library, very high level.

• pynacl - Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.

Data Analysis

Libraries for data analyzing.

• Blaze - NumPy and Pandas interface to Big Data.

• Open Mining - Business Intelligence (BI) in Pandas interface.

• Orange - Data mining, data visualization, analysis and machine learning through visual programming or scripts.

• Pandas - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools.

• Optimus - Agile Data Science Workflows made easy with PySpark.

Data Validation

Libraries for validating data. Used for forms in many cases.

• Cerberus - A lightweight and extensible data validation library.

• colander - Validating and deserializing data obtained via XML, JSON, an HTML form post.

• jsonschema - An implementation of JSON Schema for Python.

• schema - A library for validating Python data structures.

• Schematics - Data Structure Validation.

• valideer - Lightweight extensible data validation and adaptation library.

• voluptuous - A Python data validation library.

Data Visualization

Libraries for visualizing data. Also see awesome-javascript.

• Altair - Declarative statistical visualization library for Python.

• Bokeh - Interactive Web Plotting for Python.

• bqplot - Interactive Plotting Library for the Jupyter Notebook

• Dash - Built on top of Flask, React and Plotly aimed at analytical web applications.

  • awesome-dash

• plotnine - A grammar of graphics for Python based on ggplot2.

• Matplotlib - A Python 2D plotting library.

• Pygal - A Python SVG Charts Creator.

• PyGraphviz - Python interface to Graphviz.

• PyQtGraph - Interactive and realtime 2D/3D/Image plotting and science/engineering widgets.

• Seaborn - Statistical data visualization using Matplotlib.

• VisPy - High-performance scientific visualization based on OpenGL.

Database

Databases implemented in Python.

• pickleDB - A simple and lightweight key-value store for Python.

• tinydb - A tiny, document-oriented database.

• ZODB - A native object database for Python. A key-value and object graph database.

Database Drivers

Libraries for connecting and operating databases.

• MySQL - awesome-mysql

  • mysqlclient - MySQL connector with Python 3 support (mysql-python fork).

  • PyMySQL - A pure Python MySQL driver compatible to mysql-python.

• PostgreSQL - awesome-postgres

  • psycopg2 - The most popular PostgreSQL adapter for Python.

  • queries - A wrapper of the psycopg2 library for interacting with PostgreSQL.

• Other Relational Databases

  • pymssql - A simple database interface to Microsoft SQL Server.

  • SuperSQLite - A supercharged SQLite library built on top of apsw.

• NoSQL Databases

  • cassandra-driver - The Python Driver for Apache Cassandra.

  • happybase - A developer-friendly library for Apache HBase.

  • kafka-python - The Python client for Apache Kafka.

  • py2neo - A client library and toolkit for working with Neo4j.

  • pymongo - The official Python client for MongoDB.

  • redis-py - The Python client for Redis.

• Asynchronous Clients

  • motor - The async Python driver for MongoDB.

Date and Time

Libraries for working with dates and times.

• Chronyk - A Python 3 library for parsing human-written times and dates.

• dateutil - Extensions to the standard Python datetime module.

• delorean - A library for clearing up the inconvenient truths that arise dealing with datetimes.

• moment - A Python library for dealing with dates/times. Inspired by Moment.js.

• Pendulum - Python datetimes made easy.

• PyTime - An easy-to-use Python module which aims to operate date/time/datetime by string.

• pytz - World timezone definitions, modern and historical. Brings the tz database into Python.

• when.py - Providing user-friendly functions to help perform common date and time actions.

• maya - Datetimes for Humans.

Debugging Tools

Libraries for debugging code.

• pdb-like Debugger

  • ipdb - IPython-enabled pdb.

  • pdb++ - Another drop-in replacement for pdb.

  • pudb - A full-screen, console-based Python debugger.

  • wdb - An improbable web debugger through WebSockets.

• Tracing

  • lptrace - strace for Python programs.

  • manhole - Debugging UNIX socket connections and present the stacktraces for all threads and an interactive prompt.

  • pyringe - Debugger capable of attaching to and injecting code into Python processes.

  • python-hunter - A flexible code tracing toolkit.

• Profiler

  • line_profiler - Line-by-line profiling.

  • memory_profiler - Monitor Memory usage of Python code.

  • profiling - An interactive Python profiler.

  • py-spy - A sampling profiler for Python programs. Written in Rust.

  • pyflame - A ptracing profiler For Python.

  • vprof - Visual Python profiler.

• Others

  • icecream - Inspect variables, expressions, and program execution with a single, simple function call.

  • django-debug-toolbar - Display various debug information for Django.

  • django-devserver - A drop-in replacement for Django's runserver.

  • flask-debugtoolbar - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to flask.

  • pyelftools - Parsing and analyzing ELF files and DWARF debugging information.

Deep Learning

Frameworks for Neural Networks and Deep Learning. Also see awesome-deep-learning.

• caffe - A fast open framework for deep learning..

• keras - A high-level neural networks library and capable of running on top of either TensorFlow or Theano.

• mxnet - A deep learning framework designed for both efficiency and flexibility.

• pytorch - Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.

• SerpentAI - Game agent framework. Use any video game as a deep learning sandbox.

• tensorflow - The most popular Deep Learning framework created by Google.

• Theano - A library for fast numerical computation.

DevOps Tools

Software and libraries for DevOps.

• ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform.

• cloudinit - A multi-distribution package that handles early initialization of a cloud instance.

• cuisine - Chef-like functionality for Fabric.

• docker-compose - Fast, isolated development environments using Docker.

• fabric - A simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment.

• fabtools - Tools for writing awesome Fabric files.

• honcho - A Python clone of Foreman, for managing Procfile-based applications.

• OpenStack - Open source software for building private and public clouds.

• pexpect - Controlling interactive programs in a pseudo-terminal like GNU expect.

• psutil - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.

• saltstack - Infrastructure automation and management system.

• supervisor - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.

Distributed Computing

Frameworks and libraries for Distributed Computing.

• Batch Processing

  • PySpark - Apache Spark Python API.

  • dask - A flexible parallel computing library for analytic computing.

  • luigi - A module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs.

  • mrjob - Run MapReduce jobs on Hadoop or Amazon Web Services.

  • Ray - A system for parallel and distributed Python that unifies the machine learning ecosystem.

• Stream Processing

  • faust - A stream processing library, porting the ideas from Kafka Streams to Python.

  • streamparse - Run Python code against real-time streams of data via Apache Storm.

Distribution

Libraries to create packaged executables for release distribution.

• dh-virtualenv - Build and distribute a virtualenv as a Debian package.

• Nuitka - Compile scripts, modules, packages to an executable or extension module.

• py2app - Freezes Python scripts (Mac OS X).

• py2exe - Freezes Python scripts (Windows).

• PyInstaller - Converts Python programs into stand-alone executables (cross-platform).

• pynsist - A tool to build Windows installers, installers bundle Python itself.

Documentation

Libraries for generating project documentation.

• sphinx - Python Documentation generator.

  • awesome-sphinxdoc

• pdoc - Epydoc replacement to auto generate API documentation for Python libraries.

• pycco - The literate-programming-style documentation generator.

Downloader

Libraries for downloading.

• s3cmd - A command line tool for managing Amazon S3 and CloudFront.

• s4cmd - Super S3 command line tool, good for higher performance.

• you-get - A YouTube/Youku/Niconico video downloader written in Python 3.

• youtube-dl - A small command-line program to download videos from YouTube.

E-commerce

Frameworks and libraries for e-commerce and payments.

• alipay - Unofficial Alipay API for Python.

• Cartridge - A shopping cart app built using the Mezzanine.

• django-oscar - An open-source e-commerce framework for Django.

• django-shop - A Django based shop system.

• merchant - A Django app to accept payments from various payment processors.

• money - Money class with optional CLDR-backed locale-aware formatting and an extensible currency exchange.

• python-currencies - Display money format and its filthy currencies.

• forex-python - Foreign exchange rates, Bitcoin price index and currency conversion.

• saleor - An e-commerce storefront for Django.

• shoop - An open source E-Commerce platform based on Django.

Editor Plugins and IDEs

• Emacs

  • elpy - Emacs Python Development Environment.

• Sublime Text

  • anaconda - Anaconda turns your Sublime Text 3 in a full featured Python development IDE.

  • SublimeJEDI - A Sublime Text plugin to the awesome auto-complete library Jedi.

• Vim

  • jedi-vim - Vim bindings for the Jedi auto-completion library for Python.

  • python-mode - An all in one plugin for turning Vim into a Python IDE.

  • YouCompleteMe - Includes Jedi-based completion engine for Python.

• Visual Studio

  • PTVS - Python Tools for Visual Studio.

• Visual Studio Code

  • Python - The official VSCode extension with rich support for Python.

• IDE

  • PyCharm - Commercial Python IDE by JetBrains. Has free community edition available.

  • spyder - Open Source Python IDE.

Email

Libraries for sending and parsing email.

• envelopes - Mailing for human beings.

• flanker - An email address and Mime parsing library.

• imbox - Python IMAP for Humans.

• inbox.py - Python SMTP Server for Humans.

• lamson - Pythonic SMTP Application Server.

• Marrow Mailer - High-performance extensible mail delivery framework.

• modoboa - A mail hosting and management platform including a modern and simplified Web UI.

• Nylas Sync Engine - Providing a RESTful API on top of a powerful email sync platform.

• yagmail - Yet another Gmail/SMTP client.

Environment Management

Libraries for Python version and virtual environment management.

• pyenv - Simple Python version management.

• virtualenv - A tool to create isolated Python environments.

Files

Libraries for file manipulation and MIME type detection.

• mimetypes - (Python standard library) Map filenames to MIME types.

• path.py - A module wrapper for os.path.

• pathlib - (Python standard library) An cross-platform, object-oriented path library.

• PyFilesystem2 - Python's filesystem abstraction layer.

• python-magic - A Python interface to the libmagic file type identification library.

• Unipath - An object-oriented approach to file/directory operations.

• watchdog - API and shell utilities to monitor file system events.

Foreign Function Interface

Libraries for providing foreign function interface.

• cffi - Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.

• ctypes - (Python standard library) Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.

• PyCUDA - A Python wrapper for Nvidia's CUDA API.

• SWIG - Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator.

Forms

Libraries for working with forms.

• Deform - Python HTML form generation library influenced by the formish form generation library.

• django-bootstrap3 - Bootstrap 3 integration with Django.

• django-bootstrap4 - Bootstrap 4 integration with Django.

• django-crispy-forms - A Django app which lets you create beautiful forms in a very elegant and DRY way.

• django-remote-forms - A platform independent Django form serializer.

• WTForms - A flexible forms validation and rendering library.

Functional Programming

Functional Programming with Python.

• Coconut - Coconut is a variant of Python built for simple, elegant, Pythonic functional programming.

• CyToolz - Cython implementation of Toolz: High performance functional utilities.

• fn.py - Functional programming in Python: implementation of missing features to enjoy FP.

• funcy - A fancy and practical functional tools.

• Toolz - A collection of functional utilities for iterators, functions, and dictionaries.

GUI Development

Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications.

• curses - Built-in wrapper for ncurses used to create terminal GUI applications.

• Eel - A library for making simple Electron-like offline HTML/JS GUI apps.

• enaml - Creating beautiful user-interfaces with Declarative Syntax like QML.

• Flexx - Flexx is a pure Python toolkit for creating GUI's, that uses web technology for its rendering.

• Gooey - Turn command line programs into a full GUI application with one line.

• kivy - A library for creating NUI applications, running on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.

• pyglet - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.

• PyGObject - Python Bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK+ (GTK+3).

• PyQt - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework.

• PySimpleGUI - Wrapper for tkinter, Qt, WxPython and Remi.

• pywebview - A lightweight cross-platform native wrapper around a webview component.

• Tkinter - Tkinter is Python's de-facto standard GUI package.

• Toga - A Python native, OS native GUI toolkit.

• urwid - A library for creating terminal GUI applications with strong support for widgets, events, rich colors, etc.

• wxPython - A blending of the wxWidgets C++ class library with the Python.

GraphQL

Libraries for working with GraphQL.

• tartiflette - SDL-first GraphQL engine implementation for Python 3.6+ and asyncio.

• tartiflette-aiohttp - An aiohttp-based wrapper for Tartiflette to expose GraphQL APIs over HTTP.

• tartiflette-asgi - ASGI support for the Tartiflette GraphQL engine.

Game Development

Awesome game development libraries.

• Cocos2d - cocos2d is a framework for building 2D games, demos, and other graphical/interactive applications.

• Harfang3D - Python framework for 3D, VR and game development.

• Panda3D - 3D game engine developed by Disney.

• Pygame - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.

• PyOgre - Python bindings for the Ogre 3D render engine, can be used for games, simulations, anything 3D.

• PyOpenGL - Python ctypes bindings for OpenGL and it's related APIs.

• PySDL2 - A ctypes based wrapper for the SDL2 library.

• RenPy - A Visual Novel engine.

Geolocation

Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes.

• django-countries - A Django app that provides a country field for models and forms.

• GeoDjango - A world-class geographic web framework.

• GeoIP - Python API for MaxMind GeoIP Legacy Database.

• geojson - Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON.

• geopy - Python Geocoding Toolbox.

• pygeoip - Pure Python GeoIP API.

HTML Manipulation

Libraries for working with HTML and XML.

• BeautifulSoup - Providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying HTML or XML.

• bleach - A whitelist-based HTML sanitization and text linkification library.

• cssutils - A CSS library for Python.

• html5lib - A standards-compliant library for parsing and serializing HTML documents and fragments.

• lxml - A very fast, easy-to-use and versatile library for handling HTML and XML.

• MarkupSafe - Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python.

• pyquery - A jQuery-like library for parsing HTML.

• untangle - Converts XML documents to Python objects for easy access.

• WeasyPrint - A visual rendering engine for HTML and CSS that can export to PDF.

• xmldataset - Simple XML Parsing.

• xmltodict - Working with XML feel like you are working with JSON.

HTTP Clients

Libraries for working with HTTP.

• grequests - requests + gevent for asynchronous HTTP requests.

• httplib2 - Comprehensive HTTP client library.

• requests - HTTP Requests for Humans.

• treq - Python requests like API built on top of Twisted's HTTP client.

• urllib3 - A HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly.

Hardware

Libraries for programming with hardware.

• ino - Command line toolkit for working with Arduino.

• keyboard - Hook and simulate global keyboard events on Windows and Linux.

• mouse - Hook and simulate global mouse events on Windows and Linux.

• Pingo - Pingo provides a uniform API to program devices like the Raspberry Pi, pcDuino, Intel Galileo, etc.

• PyUserInput - A module for cross-platform control of the mouse and keyboard.

• scapy - A brilliant packet manipulation library.

• wifi - A Python library and command line tool for working with WiFi on Linux.

Image Processing

Libraries for manipulating images.

• hmap - Image histogram remapping.

• imgSeek - A project for searching a collection of images using visual similarity.

• nude.py - Nudity detection.

• pagan - Retro identicon (Avatar) generation based on input string and hash.

• pillow - Pillow is the friendly PIL fork.

• pyBarcode - Create barcodes in Python without needing PIL.

• pygram - Instagram-like image filters.

• python-qrcode - A pure Python QR Code generator.

• Quads - Computer art based on quadtrees.

• scikit-image - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.

• thumbor - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, re-sizing and flipping of images.

• wand - Python bindings for MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.

Implementations

Implementations of Python.

• CPython - Default, most widely used implementation of the Python programming language written in C.

• Cython - Optimizing Static Compiler for Python.

• CLPython - Implementation of the Python programming language written in Common Lisp.

• Grumpy - More compiler than interpreter as more powerful CPython2.7 replacement (alpha).

• IronPython - Implementation of the Python programming language written in C#.

• Jython - Implementation of Python programming language written in Java for the JVM.

• MicroPython - A lean and efficient Python programming language implementation.

• Numba - Python JIT compiler to LLVM aimed at scientific Python.

• PeachPy - x86-64 assembler embedded in Python.

• Pyjion - A JIT for Python based upon CoreCLR.

• PyPy - A very fast and compliant implementation of the Python language.

• Pyston - A Python implementation using JIT techniques.

• Stackless Python - An enhanced version of the Python programming language.

Interactive Interpreter

Interactive Python interpreters (REPL).

• bpython - A fancy interface to the Python interpreter.

• Jupyter Notebook (IPython) - A rich toolkit to help you make the most out of using Python interactively.

  • awesome-jupyter

• ptpython - Advanced Python REPL built on top of the python-prompt-toolkit.

Internationalization

Libraries for working with i18n.

• Babel - An internationalization library for Python.

• PyICU - A wrapper of International Components for Unicode C++ library (ICU).

Job Scheduler

Libraries for scheduling jobs.

• APScheduler - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.

• django-schedule - A calendaring app for Django.

• doit - A task runner and build tool.

• gunnery - Multipurpose task execution tool for distributed systems with web-based interface.

• Joblib - A set of tools to provide lightweight pipelining in Python.

• Plan - Writing crontab file in Python like a charm.

• schedule - Python job scheduling for humans.

• Spiff - A powerful workflow engine implemented in pure Python.

• TaskFlow - A Python library that helps to make task execution easy, consistent and reliable.

• Airflow - Airflow is a platform to programmatically author, schedule and monitor workflows.

Logging

Libraries for generating and working with logs.

• Eliot - Logging for complex & distributed systems.

• logbook - Logging replacement for Python.

• logging - (Python standard library) Logging facility for Python.

• raven - Python client for Sentry, a log/error tracking, crash reporting and aggregation platform for web applications.

Machine Learning

Libraries for Machine Learning. Also see awesome-machine-learning.

• H2O - Open Source Fast Scalable Machine Learning Platform.

• Metrics - Machine learning evaluation metrics.

• NuPIC - Numenta Platform for Intelligent Computing.

• scikit-learn - The most popular Python library for Machine Learning.

• Spark ML - Apache Spark's scalable Machine Learning library.

• vowpal_porpoise - A lightweight Python wrapper for Vowpal Wabbit.

• xgboost - A scalable, portable, and distributed gradient boosting library.

Microsoft Windows

Python programming on Microsoft Windows.

• Python(x,y) - Scientific-applications-oriented Python Distribution based on Qt and Spyder.

• pythonlibs - Unofficial Windows binaries for Python extension packages.

• PythonNet - Python Integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR).

• PyWin32 - Python Extensions for Windows.

• WinPython - Portable development environment for Windows 7/8.

Miscellaneous

Useful libraries or tools that don't fit in the categories above.

• blinker - A fast Python in-process signal/event dispatching system.

• boltons - A set of pure-Python utilities.

• itsdangerous - Various helpers to pass trusted data to untrusted environments.

• pluginbase - A simple but flexible plugin system for Python.

• tryton - A general purpose business framework.

Natural Language Processing

Libraries for working with human languages.

• General

  • gensim - Topic Modeling for Humans.

  • langid.py - Stand-alone language identification system.

  • nltk - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.

  • pattern - A web mining module for the Python.

  • polyglot - Natural language pipeline supporting hundreds of languages.

  • pytext - A natural language modeling framework based on PyTorch.

  • PyTorch-NLP - A toolkit enabling rapid deep learning NLP prototyping for research.

  • spacy - A library for industrial-strength natural language processing in Python and Cython.

  • stanfordnlp - The Stanford NLP Group's official Python library, supporting 50+ languages.

• Chinese

  • jieba - The most popular Chinese text segmentation library.

  • pkuseg-python - A toolkit for Chinese word segmentation in various domains.

  • snownlp - A library for processing Chinese text.

  • funNLP - A collection of tools and datasets for Chinese NLP.

Network Virtualization

Tools and libraries for Virtual Networking and SDN (Software Defined Networking).

• mininet - A popular network emulator and API written in Python.

• napalm - Cross-vendor API to manipulate network devices.

• pox - A Python-based SDN control applications, such as OpenFlow SDN controllers.

News Feed

Libraries for building user's activities.

• django-activity-stream - Generating generic activity streams from the actions on your site.

• Stream Framework - Building news feed and notification systems using Cassandra and Redis.

ORM

Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques.

• Relational Databases

  • Django Models - The Django ORM.

  • SQLAlchemy - The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper.

    • awesome-sqlalchemy

  • dataset - Store Python dicts in a database - works with SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.

  • orator - The Orator ORM provides a simple yet beautiful ActiveRecord implementation.

  • orm - An async ORM.

  • peewee - A small, expressive ORM.

  • pony - ORM that provides a generator-oriented interface to SQL.

  • pydal - A pure Python Database Abstraction Layer.

• NoSQL Databases

  • hot-redis - Rich Python data types for Redis.

  • mongoengine - A Python Object-Document-Mapper for working with MongoDB.

  • PynamoDB - A Pythonic interface for Amazon DynamoDB.

  • redisco - A Python Library for Simple Models and Containers Persisted in Redis.

Package Management

Libraries for package and dependency management.

• pip - The package installer for Python.

  • PyPI

  • pip-tools - A set of tools to keep your pinned Python dependencies fresh.

• poetry - Python dependency management and packaging made easy.

• conda - Cross-platform, Python-agnostic binary package manager.

Package Repositories

Local PyPI repository server and proxies.

• warehouse - Next generation Python Package Repository (PyPI).

• bandersnatch - PyPI mirroring tool provided by Python Packaging Authority (PyPA).

• devpi - PyPI server and packaging/testing/release tool.

• localshop - Local PyPI server (custom packages and auto-mirroring of pypi).

Permissions

Libraries that allow or deny users access to data or functionality.

• django-guardian - Implementation of per object permissions for Django 1.2+

• django-rules - A tiny but powerful app providing object-level permissions to Django, without requiring a database.

Processes

Libraries for starting and communicating with OS processes.

• delegator.py - Subprocesses for Humans 2.0.

• sarge - Yet another wrapper for subprocess.

• sh - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.

Recommender Systems

Libraries for building recommender systems.

• annoy - Approximate Nearest Neighbors in C++/Python optimized for memory usage.

• fastFM - A library for Factorization Machines.

• implicit - A fast Python implementation of collaborative filtering for implicit datasets.

• libffm - A library for Field-aware Factorization Machine (FFM).

• lightfm - A Python implementation of a number of popular recommendation algorithms.

• spotlight - Deep recommender models using PyTorch.

• Surprise - A scikit for building and analyzing recommender systems.

• tensorrec - A Recommendation Engine Framework in TensorFlow.

Refactoring

Refactoring tools and libraries for Python

• Bicycle Repair Man - Bicycle Repair Man, a refactoring tool for Python.

• Bowler - Safe code refactoring for modern Python.

• Rope - Rope is a python refactoring library.

RESTful API

Libraries for building RESTful APIs.

• Django

  • django-rest-framework - A powerful and flexible toolkit to build web APIs.

  • django-tastypie - Creating delicious APIs for Django apps.

• Flask

  • eve - REST API framework powered by Flask, MongoDB and good intentions.

  • flask-api - Browsable Web APIs for Flask.

  • flask-restful - Quickly building REST APIs for Flask.

• Pyramid

  • cornice - A RESTful framework for Pyramid.

• Framework agnostic

  • apistar - A smart Web API framework, designed for Python 3.

  • falcon - A high-performance framework for building cloud APIs and web app backends.

  • fastapi - A modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python type hints.

  • hug - A Python 3 framework for cleanly exposing APIs.

  • sandman2 - Automated REST APIs for existing database-driven systems.

  • sanic - A Python 3.6+ web server and web framework that's written to go fast.

  • vibora - Fast, efficient and asynchronous Web framework inspired by Flask.

Robotics

Libraries for robotics.

• PythonRobotics - This is a compilation of various robotics algorithms with visualizations.

• rospy - This is a library for ROS (Robot Operating System).

RPC Servers

RPC-compatible servers.

• zeroRPC - zerorpc is a flexible RPC implementation based on ZeroMQ and MessagePack.

Science

Libraries for scientific computing. Also see Python-for-Scientists

• astropy - A community Python library for Astronomy.

• bcbio-nextgen - Providing best-practice pipelines for fully automated high throughput sequencing analysis.

• bccb - Collection of useful code related to biological analysis.

• Biopython - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.

• cclib - A library for parsing and interpreting the results of computational chemistry packages.

• Colour - Implementing a comprehensive number of colour theory transformations and algorithms.

• NetworkX - A high-productivity software for complex networks.

• NIPY - A collection of neuroimaging toolkits.

• NumPy - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.

• Open Babel - A chemical toolbox designed to speak the many languages of chemical data.

• ObsPy - A Python toolbox for seismology.

• PyDy - Short for Python Dynamics, used to assist with workflow in the modeling of dynamic motion.

• PyMC - Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling toolkit.

• QuTiP - Quantum Toolbox in Python.

• RDKit - Cheminformatics and Machine Learning Software.

• SciPy - A Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.

• statsmodels - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.

• SymPy - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.

• Zipline - A Pythonic algorithmic trading library.

• SimPy - A process-based discrete-event simulation framework.

Search

Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data.

• elasticsearch-py - The official low-level Python client for Elasticsearch.

• elasticsearch-dsl-py - The official high-level Python client for Elasticsearch.

• django-haystack - Modular search for Django.

• pysolr - A lightweight Python wrapper for Apache Solr.

• whoosh - A fast, pure Python search engine library.

Serialization

Libraries for serializing complex data types

• marshmallow - A lightweight library for converting complex objects to and from simple Python datatypes.

• pysimdjson - A Python bindings for simdjson.

• python-rapidjson - A Python wrapper around RapidJSON.

• ultrajson - A fast JSON decoder and encoder written in C with Python bindings.

Serverless Frameworks

Frameworks for developing serverless Python code.

• python-lambda - A toolkit for developing and deploying Python code in AWS Lambda.

• Zappa - A tool for deploying WSGI applications on AWS Lambda and API Gateway.

Specific Formats Processing

Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific text formats.

• General

  • tablib - A module for Tabular Datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.

• Office

  • openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.

  • pyexcel - Providing one API for reading, manipulating and writing csv, ods, xls, xlsx and xlsm files.

  • python-docx - Reads, queries and modifies Microsoft Word 2007/2008 docx files.

  • python-pptx - Python library for creating and updating PowerPoint (.pptx) files.

  • unoconv - Convert between any document format supported by LibreOffice/OpenOffice.

  • XlsxWriter - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.

  • xlwings - A BSD-licensed library that makes it easy to call Python from Excel and vice versa.

  • xlwt / xlrd - Writing and reading data and formatting information from Excel files.

• PDF

  • PDFMiner - A tool for extracting information from PDF documents.

  • PyPDF2 - A library capable of splitting, merging and transforming PDF pages.

  • ReportLab - Allowing Rapid creation of rich PDF documents.

• Markdown

  • Mistune - Fastest and full featured pure Python parsers of Markdown.

  • Python-Markdown - A Python implementation of John Gruber’s Markdown.

• YAML

  • PyYAML - YAML implementations for Python.

• CSV

  • csvkit - Utilities for converting to and working with CSV.

• Archive

  • unp - A command line tool that can unpack archives easily.

Static Site Generator

Static site generator is a software that takes some text + templates as input and produces HTML files on the output.

• mkdocs - Markdown friendly documentation generator.

• pelican - Static site generator that supports Markdown and reST syntax.

• lektor - An easy to use static CMS and blog engine.

• nikola - A static website and blog generator.

Tagging

Libraries for tagging items.

• django-taggit - Simple tagging for Django.

Task Queues

Libraries for working with task queues.

• celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.

• huey - Little multi-threaded task queue.

• mrq - A distributed worker task queue in Python using Redis & gevent.

• rq - Simple job queues for Python.

Template Engine

Libraries and tools for templating and lexing.

• Jinja2 - A modern and designer friendly templating language.

• Genshi - Python templating toolkit for generation of web-aware output.

• Mako - Hyperfast and lightweight templating for the Python platform.

Testing

Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data.

• Testing Frameworks

  • pytest - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.

  • hypothesis - Hypothesis is an advanced Quickcheck style property based testing library.

  • nose2 - The successor to nose, based on `unittest2.

  • Robot Framework - A generic test automation framework.

  • unittest - (Python standard library) Unit testing framework.

• Test Runners

  • green - A clean, colorful test runner.

  • mamba - The definitive testing tool for Python. Born under the banner of BDD.

  • tox - Auto builds and tests distributions in multiple Python versions

• GUI / Web Testing

  • locust - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.

  • PyAutoGUI - PyAutoGUI is a cross-platform GUI automation Python module for human beings.

  • Selenium - Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver.

  • sixpack - A language-agnostic A/B Testing framework.

  • splinter - Open source tool for testing web applications.

• Mock

  • mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.

  • doublex - Powerful test doubles framework for Python.

  • freezegun - Travel through time by mocking the datetime module.

  • httmock - A mocking library for requests for Python 2.6+ and 3.2+.

  • httpretty - HTTP request mock tool for Python.

  • mocket - A socket mock framework with gevent/asyncio/SSL support.

  • responses - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.

  • VCR.py - Record and replay HTTP interactions on your tests.

• Object Factories

  • factory_boy - A test fixtures replacement for Python.

  • mixer - Another fixtures replacement. Supported Django, Flask, SQLAlchemy, Peewee and etc.

  • model_mommy - Creating random fixtures for testing in Django.

• Code Coverage

  • coverage - Code coverage measurement.

• Fake Data

  • mimesis - is a Python library that help you generate fake data.

  • fake2db - Fake database generator.

  • faker - A Python package that generates fake data.

  • radar - Generate random datetime / time.

Text Processing

Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain texts.

• General

  • chardet - Python 2/3 compatible character encoding detector.

  • difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.

  • ftfy - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.

  • fuzzywuzzy - Fuzzy String Matching.

  • Levenshtein - Fast computation of Levenshtein distance and string similarity.

  • pangu.py - Paranoid text spacing.

  • pyfiglet - An implementation of figlet written in Python.

  • pypinyin - Convert Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).

  • textdistance - Compute distance between sequences with 30+ algorithms.

  • unidecode - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.

• Slugify

  • awesome-slugify - A Python slugify library that can preserve unicode.

  • python-slugify - A Python slugify library that translates unicode to ASCII.

  • unicode-slugify - A slugifier that generates unicode slugs with Django as a dependency.

• Unique identifiers

  • hashids - Implementation of hashids in Python.

  • shortuuid - A generator library for concise, unambiguous and URL-safe UUIDs.

• Parser

  • ply - Implementation of lex and yacc parsing tools for Python.

  • pygments - A generic syntax highlighter.

  • pyparsing - A general purpose framework for generating parsers.

  • python-nameparser - Parsing human names into their individual components.

  • python-phonenumbers - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.

  • python-user-agents - Browser user agent parser.

  • sqlparse - A non-validating SQL parser.

Third-party APIs

Libraries for accessing third party services APIs. Also see List of Python API Wrappers and Libraries.

• apache-libcloud - One Python library for all clouds.

• boto3 - Python interface to Amazon Web Services.

• django-wordpress - WordPress models and views for Django.

• facebook-sdk - Facebook Platform Python SDK.

• google-api-python-client - Google APIs Client Library for Python.

• gspread - Google Spreadsheets Python API.

• twython - A Python wrapper for the Twitter API.

URL Manipulation

Libraries for parsing URLs.

• furl - A small Python library that makes parsing and manipulating URLs easy.

• purl - A simple, immutable URL class with a clean API for interrogation and manipulation.

• pyshorteners - A pure Python URL shortening lib.

• webargs - A friendly library for parsing HTTP request arguments with built-in support for popular web frameworks.

Video

Libraries for manipulating video and GIFs.

• moviepy - A module for script-based movie editing with many formats, including animated GIFs.

• scikit-video - Video processing routines for SciPy.

Web Asset Management

Tools for managing, compressing and minifying website assets.

• django-compressor - Compresses linked and inline JavaScript or CSS into a single cached file.

• django-pipeline - An asset packaging library for Django.

• django-storages - A collection of custom storage back ends for Django.

• fanstatic - Packages, optimizes, and serves static file dependencies as Python packages.

• fileconveyor - A daemon to detect and sync files to CDNs, S3 and FTP.

• flask-assets - Helps you integrate webassets into your Flask app.

• webassets - Bundles, optimizes, and manages unique cache-busting URLs for static resources.

Web Content Extracting

Libraries for extracting web contents.

• html2text - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.

• lassie - Web Content Retrieval for Humans.

• micawber - A small library for extracting rich content from URLs.

• newspaper - News extraction, article extraction and content curation in Python.

• python-readability - Fast Python port of arc90's readability tool.

• requests-html - Pythonic HTML Parsing for Humans.

• sumy - A module for automatic summarization of text documents and HTML pages.

• textract - Extract text from any document, Word, PowerPoint, PDFs, etc.

• toapi - Every web site provides APIs.

Web Crawling

Libraries to automate web scraping.

• cola - A distributed crawling framework.

• feedparser - Universal feed parser.

• grab - Site scraping framework.

• MechanicalSoup - A Python library for automating interaction with websites.

• pyspider - A powerful spider system.

• robobrowser - A simple, Pythonic library for browsing the web without a standalone web browser.

• scrapy - A fast high-level screen scraping and web crawling framework.

• portia - Visual scraping for Scrapy.

Web Frameworks

Traditional full stack web frameworks. Also see RESTful API

• Synchronous

  • Django - The most popular web framework in Python.

    • awesome-django

  • Flask - A microframework for Python.

    • awesome-flask

  • Pyramid - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.

    • awesome-pyramid

  • Masonite - The modern and developer centric Python web framework.

• Asynchronous

  • Tornado - A web framework and asynchronous networking library.

WebSocket

Libraries for working with WebSocket.

• autobahn-python - WebSocket & WAMP for Python on Twisted and asyncio.

• channels - Developer-friendly asynchrony for Django.

• websockets - A library for building WebSocket servers and clients with a focus on correctness and simplicity.

WSGI Servers

WSGI-compatible web servers.

• bjoern - Asynchronous, very fast and written in C.

• gunicorn - Pre-forked, partly written in C.

• uWSGI - A project aims at developing a full stack for building hosting services, written in C.

• waitress - Multi-threaded, powers Pyramid.

• werkzeug - A WSGI utility library for Python that powers Flask and can easily be embedded into your own projects.

Resources

Where to discover new Python libraries.

Podcasts

• From Python Import Podcast

• Podcast.init

• Python Bytes

• Python Testing

• Radio Free Python

• Talk Python To Me

• Test and Code

Twitter

• @codetengu

• @getpy

• @importpython

• @planetpython

• @pycoders

• @pypi

• @pythontrending

• @PythonWeekly

• @TalkPython

• @realpython

Websites

• /r/CoolGithubProjects

• /r/Python

• Awesome Python @LibHunt

• Django Packages

• Full Stack Python

• Python Cheatsheet

• Python ZEEF

• Python 开发社区

• Real Python

• Trending Python repositories on GitHub today

• Сообщество Python Программистов

Weekly

• CodeTengu Weekly 碼天狗週刊

• Import Python Newsletter

• Pycoder's Weekly

• Python Weekly

• Python Tricks

• Getting started with python

• Installing Python3

• Running python programs

• Datatype & Variables

• Python numbers

• Python Strings

• Python Lists

• Python Dictionaries

• Python Tuples

• Datatype conversion

• Python Control Statements

• Python Functions

• Python Loops

• Python Mathematical Function

• Python Generating Random numbers

• Python File Handling

• Python Object and Classes

• Python Operator Overloading

• Python inheritance and polymorphism

• Python Exception Handling

• Python Modules

1. About Python

   • Overview: What is Python (📚, 🍰)

   • Design philosophy: The Zen of Python (📚)

   • Style guide: Style Guide for Python Code (📚, 🤯)

   • Data model: Data model (📚, 🤯)

   • Standard library: The Python Standard Library (📚, 🤯)

   • Built-in functions: Built-in Functions (📚)

2. Syntax

   • Variable: Built-in literals (🍰)

   • Expression: Numeric operations (🍰)

   • Conditional: if | if-else | if-elif-else (🍰)

   • Loop: for-loop | while-loop (🍰)

   • Function: def | lambda (🍰)

3. Data Structures

   • List: List operations (🍰)

   • Tuple: Tuple operations

   • Set: Set operations

   • Dict: Dictionary operations (🍰)

   • Comprehension: list | tuple | set | dict

   • String: String operations (🍰)

   • Deque: deque (🤯)

   • Time complexity: cPython operations (📚, 🤯)

4. Classes

   • Basic class: Basic definition (🍰)

   • Abstract class: Abstract definition

   • Exception class: Exception definition

   • Iterator class: Iterator definition | yield (🤯)

5. Advanced

   • Decorator: Decorator definition | wraps (🤯)

   • Context manager: Context managers (🤯)

   • Method resolution order: mro (🤯)

   • Mixin: Mixin definition (🤯)

   • Metaclass: Metaclass definition (🤯)

   • Thread: ThreadPoolExecutor (🤯)

   • Asyncio: async | await (🤯)

   • Weak reference: weakref (🤯)

   • Benchmark: cProfile | pstats (🤯)

   • Mocking: MagicMock | PropertyMock | patch (🤯)

   • Regular expression: search | findall | match | fullmatch (🤯)

   • Data format: json | xml | csv (🤯)

   • Datetime: datetime | timezone (🤯)

Additional resources

👔 = Interview resource, 🧪 = Code samples, 🧠 = Project ideas

GitHub repositories

Keep learning by reading from other well-regarded resources.

• TheAlgorithms/Python (👔, 🧪)

• faif/python-patterns (👔, 🧪)

• geekcomputers/Python (🧪)

• trekhleb/homemade-machine-learning (🧪)

• karan/Projects (🧠)

• MunGell/awesome-for-beginners (🧠)

• vinta/awesome-python

• academic/awesome-datascience

• josephmisiti/awesome-machine-learning

• ZuzooVn/machine-learning-for-software-engineers

Interactive practice

Keep practicing so that your coding skills don't get rusty.

• leetcode.com (👔)

• hackerrank.com (👔)

• kaggle.com (🧠)

• exercism.io

• projecteuler.net

• DevProjects

• Awesome Python

  • Admin Panels

  • Algorithms and Design Patterns

  • ASGI Servers

  • Asynchronous Programming

  • Audio

  • Authentication

  • Build Tools

  • Built-in Classes Enhancement

  • Caching

  • ChatOps Tools

  • CMS

  • Code Analysis

  • Command-line Interface Development

  • Command-line Tools

  • Compatibility

  • Computer Vision

  • Concurrency and Parallelism

  • Configuration

  • Cryptography

  • Data Analysis

  • Data Validation

  • Data Visualization

  • Database Drivers

  • Database

  • Date and Time

  • Debugging Tools

  • Deep Learning

  • DevOps Tools

  • Distributed Computing

  • Distribution

  • Documentation

  • Downloader

  • E-commerce

  • Editor Plugins and IDEs

  • Email

  • Enterprise Application Integrations

  • Environment Management

  • Files

  • Foreign Function Interface

  • Forms

  • Functional Programming

  • Game Development

  • Geolocation

  • GUI Development

  • Hardware

  • HTML Manipulation

  • HTTP Clients

  • Image Processing

  • Implementations

  • Interactive Interpreter

  • Internationalization

  • Job Scheduler

  • Logging

  • Machine Learning

  • Miscellaneous

  • Natural Language Processing

  • Network Virtualization

  • News Feed

  • ORM

  • Package Management

  • Package Repositories

  • Penetration testing

  • Permissions

  • Processes

  • Recommender Systems

  • Refactoring

  • RESTful API

  • Robotics

  • RPC Servers

  • Science

  • Search

  • Serialization

  • Serverless Frameworks

  • Shell

  • Specific Formats Processing

  • Static Site Generator

  • Tagging

  • Task Queues

  • Template Engine

  • Testing

  • Text Processing

  • Third-party APIs

  • URL Manipulation

  • Video

  • Web Asset Management

  • Web Content Extracting

  • Web Crawling

  • Web Frameworks

  • WebSocket

  • WSGI Servers

• Resources

  • Books

  • Newsletters

  • Podcasts

  • Websites

• Contributing

Admin Panels

Libraries for administrative interfaces.

• ajenti - The admin panel your servers deserve.

• django-grappelli - A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.

• django-jet - Modern responsive template for the Django admin interface with improved functionality.

• django-suit - Alternative Django Admin-Interface (free only for Non-commercial use).

• django-xadmin - Drop-in replacement of Django admin comes with lots of goodies.

• flask-admin - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.

• flower - Real-time monitor and web admin for Celery.

• jet-bridge - Admin panel framework for any application with nice UI (ex Jet Django).

• wooey - A Django app which creates automatic web UIs for Python scripts.

Algorithms and Design Patterns

Python implementation of data structures, algorithms and design patterns. Also see awesome-algorithms.

• Algorithms

  • algorithms - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms.

  • python-ds - A collection of data structure and algorithms for coding interviews.

  • sortedcontainers - Fast and pure-Python implementation of sorted collections.

  • TheAlgorithms - All Algorithms implemented in Python.

• Design Patterns

  • PyPattyrn - A simple yet effective library for implementing common design patterns.

  • python-patterns - A collection of design patterns in Python.

  • transitions - A lightweight, object-oriented finite state machine implementation.

ASGI Servers

ASGI-compatible web servers.

• daphne - A HTTP, HTTP2 and WebSocket protocol server for ASGI and ASGI-HTTP.

• uvicorn - A lightning-fast ASGI server implementation, using uvloop and httptools.

Asynchronous Programming

• asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.

  • awesome-asyncio

• trio - A friendly library for async concurrency and I/O.

• Twisted - An event-driven networking engine.

• uvloop - Ultra fast asyncio event loop.

Audio

Libraries for manipulating audio and its metadata.

• Audio

  • audioread - Cross-library (GStreamer + Core Audio + MAD + FFmpeg) audio decoding.

  • dejavu - Audio fingerprinting and recognition.

  • kapre - Keras Audio Preprocessors.

  • librosa - Python library for audio and music analysis.

  • matchering - A library for automated reference audio mastering.

  • mingus - An advanced music theory and notation package with MIDI file and playback support.

  • pyAudioAnalysis - Audio feature extraction, classification, segmentation and applications.

  • pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.

  • TimeSide - Open web audio processing framework.

• Metadata

  • beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.

  • eyeD3 - A tool for working with audio files, specifically MP3 files containing ID3 metadata.

  • mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.

  • tinytag - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.

Authentication

Libraries for implementing authentications schemes.

• OAuth

  • authlib - JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption draft implementation.

  • django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that "just works."

  • django-oauth-toolkit - OAuth 2 goodies for Django.

  • oauthlib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.

  • python-oauth2 - A fully tested, abstract interface to creating OAuth clients and servers.

  • python-social-auth - An easy-to-setup social authentication mechanism.

• JWT

  • pyjwt - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.

  • python-jose - A JOSE implementation in Python.

  • python-jwt - A module for generating and verifying JSON Web Tokens.

Build Tools

Compile software from source code.

• BitBake - A make-like build tool for embedded Linux.

• buildout - A build system for creating, assembling and deploying applications from multiple parts.

• PlatformIO - A console tool to build code with different development platforms.

• pybuilder - A continuous build tool written in pure Python.

• SCons - A software construction tool.

Built-in Classes Enhancement

Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes.

• attrs - Replacement for __init__, __eq__, __repr__, etc. boilerplate in class definitions.

• bidict - Efficient, Pythonic bidirectional map data structures and related functionality..

• Box - Python dictionaries with advanced dot notation access.

• dataclasses - (Python standard library) Data classes.

• DottedDict - A library that provides a method of accessing lists and dicts with a dotted path notation.

CMS

Content Management Systems.

• django-cms - An Open source enterprise CMS based on the Django.

• feincms - One of the most advanced Content Management Systems built on Django.

• indico - A feature-rich event management system, made @ CERN.

• Kotti - A high-level, Pythonic web application framework built on Pyramid.

• mezzanine - A powerful, consistent, and flexible content management platform.

• plone - A CMS built on top of the open source application server Zope.

• quokka - Flexible, extensible, small CMS powered by Flask and MongoDB.

• wagtail - A Django content management system.

Caching

Libraries for caching data.

• beaker - A WSGI middleware for sessions and caching.

• django-cache-machine - Automatic caching and invalidation for Django models.

• django-cacheops - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.

• dogpile.cache - dogpile.cache is next generation replacement for Beaker made by same authors.

• HermesCache - Python caching library with tag-based invalidation and dogpile effect prevention.

• pylibmc - A Python wrapper around the libmemcached interface.

• python-diskcache - SQLite and file backed cache backend with faster lookups than memcached and redis.

ChatOps Tools

Libraries for chatbot development.

• errbot - The easiest and most popular chatbot to implement ChatOps.

Code Analysis

Tools of static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see awesome-static-analysis.

• Code Analysis

  • coala - Language independent and easily extendable code analysis application.

  • code2flow - Turn your Python and JavaScript code into DOT flowcharts.

  • prospector - A tool to analyse Python code.

  • pycallgraph - A library that visualises the flow (call graph) of your Python application.

  • vulture - A tool for finding and analysing dead Python code.

• Code Linters

  • flake8 - A wrapper around pycodestyle, pyflakes and McCabe.

    • awesome-flake8-extensions

  • pylama - A code audit tool for Python and JavaScript.

  • pylint - A fully customizable source code analyzer.

  • wemake-python-styleguide - The strictest and most opinionated python linter ever.

• Code Formatters

  • black - The uncompromising Python code formatter.

  • isort - A Python utility / library to sort imports.

  • yapf - Yet another Python code formatter from Google.

• Static Type Checkers, also see awesome-python-typing

  • mypy - Check variable types during compile time.

  • pyre-check - Performant type checking.

  • typeshed - Collection of library stubs for Python, with static types.

• Static Type Annotations Generators

  • MonkeyType - A system for Python that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types.

  • pyannotate - Auto-generate PEP-484 annotations.

  • pytype - Pytype checks and infers types for Python code - without requiring type annotations.

Command-line Interface Development

Libraries for building command-line applications.

• Command-line Application Development

  • cement - CLI Application Framework for Python.

  • click - A package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way.

  • cliff - A framework for creating command-line programs with multi-level commands.

  • docopt - Pythonic command line arguments parser.

  • python-fire - A library for creating command line interfaces from absolutely any Python object.

  • python-prompt-toolkit - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.

• Terminal Rendering

  • alive-progress - A new kind of Progress Bar, with real-time throughput, eta and very cool animations.

  • asciimatics - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).

  • bashplotlib - Making basic plots in the terminal.

  • colorama - Cross-platform colored terminal text.

  • rich - Python library for rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal. Also provides a great RichHandler log handler.

  • tqdm - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.

Command-line Tools

Useful CLI-based tools for productivity.

• Productivity Tools

  • copier - A library and command-line utility for rendering projects templates.

  • cookiecutter - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).

  • doitlive - A tool for live presentations in the terminal.

  • howdoi - Instant coding answers via the command line.

  • Invoke - A tool for managing shell-oriented subprocesses and organizing executable Python code into CLI-invokable tasks.

  • PathPicker - Select files out of bash output.

  • percol - Adds flavor of interactive selection to the traditional pipe concept on UNIX.

  • thefuck - Correcting your previous console command.

  • tmuxp - A tmux session manager.

  • try - A dead simple CLI to try out python packages - it's never been easier.

• CLI Enhancements

  • httpie - A command line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.

  • iredis - Redis CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

  • kube-shell - An integrated shell for working with the Kubernetes CLI.

  • litecli - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

  • mycli - MySQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

  • pgcli - PostgreSQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.

  • saws - A Supercharged aws-cli.

Compatibility

Libraries for migrating from Python 2 to 3.

• python-future - The missing compatibility layer between Python 2 and Python 3.

• modernize - Modernizes Python code for eventual Python 3 migration.

• six - Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities.

Computer Vision

Libraries for Computer Vision.

• EasyOCR - Ready-to-use OCR with 40+ languages supported.

• Face Recognition - Simple facial recognition library.

• Kornia - Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch.

• OpenCV - Open Source Computer Vision Library.

• pytesseract - A wrapper for Google Tesseract OCR.

• SimpleCV - An open source framework for building computer vision applications.

• tesserocr - Another simple, Pillow-friendly, wrapper around the tesseract-ocr API for OCR.

Concurrency and Parallelism

Libraries for concurrent and parallel execution. Also see awesome-asyncio.

• concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.

• eventlet - Asynchronous framework with WSGI support.

• gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.

• multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.

• scoop - Scalable Concurrent Operations in Python.

• uvloop - Ultra fast implementation of asyncio event loop on top of libuv.

Configuration

Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options.

• configobj - INI file parser with validation.

• configparser - (Python standard library) INI file parser.

• hydra - Hydra is a framework for elegantly configuring complex applications.

• profig - Config from multiple formats with value conversion.

• python-decouple - Strict separation of settings from code.

Cryptography

• cryptography - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.

• paramiko - The leading native Python SSHv2 protocol library.

• passlib - Secure password storage/hashing library, very high level.

• pynacl - Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.